Como comem os portugueses

Ontem foi um dia histórico para as Ciências da Nutrição em Portugal. Quase 40 anos depois do último Inquérito Alimentar Português, existem agora novos e mais precisos resultados. Não são muito animadores, mas abrem um vasto leque à melhor e mais efetiva intervenção.
Vejamos um pequeno resumo:

Tendo como referência a Roda dos Alimentos, os portugueses:

- consomem um pouco mais laticínios do que o máximo recomendado, sendo o leite consumido por crianças e adolescentes o principal contribuinte para este fator;

- consomem 3 vezes mais do que o máximo recomendado de carne, pescado e ovos, sendo as carnes vermelhas consumidas por adolescentes e adultos o principal contribuinte para este fator;

-  consomem muito menos leguminosas do que o máximo recomendado, sendo os adultos o grupo populacional que mais consome leguminosas, mas não passa dos mínimos recomendados;

- consomem quase metade dos cereais e tubérculos em relação ao máximo recomendado, sendo o lo maior contributo vindo das massas, arroz e batata;

-  consomem menos de metade dos hortícolas em relação ao máximo recomendado, sendo nas crianças e adolescentes onde mais se verifica esta prática;

-  consomem menos fruta do que o mínimo recomendado (em média 2 peças de fruta/dia, quando o mínimo são 3 peças de fruta/dia);

- consomem gorduras de acordo com as recomendações.

Mais informações aqui

Added sugar may be the mystery ingredient causing hypertension, researchers say

Added sugar may be the mystery ingredient causing hypertension, researchers say

Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Overall Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

Background: It is widely believed that cancer can be prevented by high intake of fruits and vegetables. However, inconsistent results from many studies have not been able to conclusively establish an inverse association between fruit and vegetable intake and overall cancer risk.

Methods: We conducted a prospective analysis of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort to assess relationships between intake of total fruits, total vegetables, and total fruits and vegetables combined and cancer risk during 1992–2000. Detailed information on the dietary habit and lifestyle variables of the cohort was obtained. Cancer incidence and mortality data were ascertained, and hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multivariable Cox regression models. Analyses were also conducted for cancers associated with tobacco and alcohol after stratification for tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking.

Results: Of the initial 142 605 men and 335 873 women included in the study, 9604 men and 21 000 women were identified with cancer after a median follow-up of 8.7 years. The crude cancer incidence rates were 7.9 per 1000 person-years in men and 7.1 per 1000 person-years in women. Associations between reduced cancer risk and increased intake of total fruits and vegetables combined and total vegetables for the entire cohort were similar (200 g/d increased intake of fruits and vegetables combined, HR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.96 to 0.99; 100 g/d increased intake of total vegetables, HR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.97 to 0.99); intake of fruits showed a weaker inverse association (100 g/d increased intake of total fruits, HR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.98 to 1.00). The reduced risk of cancer associated with high vegetable intake was restricted to women (HR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.97 to 0.99). Stratification by alcohol intake suggested a stronger reduction in risk in heavy drinkers and was confined to cancers caused by smoking and alcohol.

Conclusions: A very small inverse association between intake of total fruits and vegetables and cancer risk was observed in this study. Given the small magnitude of the observed associations, caution should be applied in their interpretation.

Autthors:

Paolo Boffetta, Elisabeth Couto, Janine Wichmann, Pietro Ferrari, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Fränzel J. B. van Duijnhoven, Frederike L. Büchner, Tim Key, Heiner Boeing, Ute Nöthlings, Jakob Linseisen, Carlos A. Gonzalez, Kim Overvad, Michael R. S. Nielsen, Anne Tjønneland, Anja Olsen, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Sophie Morois, Pagona Lagiou, Androniki Naska, Vassiliki Benetou, Rudolf Kaaks, Sabine Rohrmann, Salvatore Panico, Sabina Sieri, Paolo Vineis, Domenico Palli, Carla H. van Gils, Petra H. Peeters, Eiliv Lund, Magritt Brustad, Dagrun Engeset, José María Huerta, Laudina Rodríguez, Maria-José Sánchez, Miren Dorronsoro, Aurelio Barricarte, Göran Hallmans, Ingegerd Johansson, Jonas Manjer, Emily Sonestedt, Naomi E. Allen, Sheila Bingham, Kay-Tee Khaw, Nadia Slimani, Mazda Jenab, Traci Mouw, Teresa Norat, Elio RiboliAntonia Trichopoulou